semi-metalic:
pros. last longer
cons. squeeling breaks,heavy wear on rotors,lots of brake dusk(dity rims),brake fade due to heating
(EDIT):
organic: just as much dust as semi-metalic but don't last as long...waste of money
(EDIT)
ceramic:
pros. last long (but not aslong as semi-metalic),virtually no dust,no squeeling,will not damage rotors, less fade and dissapates heat faster
dot3/4: are compatible and can absorb water and for this reason it is recomended to flush you brake system yearly to keep it at optimum operating level.
dot5: silicone based high boiling point cannot absorb water or moisture for this reason it should not be used on a vehicle that is driven daily due to the fact it will create water pocket and rust out brake lines at an eccelerated pace.
if i missed something feel free to add on