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HC is unburned oil and gas in vapor form. A common cause of high HC is ignition misfiring. Fouled plug(s), bad plug wire(s), too lean or rich idle adjustment, vacuum leak, low compression, and bad exhaust valve(s). Sometimes replacing a single bad plug makes all the difference. Oil burning is caused be worn guides, rings, cylinders, bad PCV.
A high engine HC will be hard on the catalytic converter due to higher working temps. A three-way converter that is failing or has failed will cause a higher HC.
Check anything that would affect engine performance. Things such as timing, choke failing to completely open, dirty air filter, engine coolant not a normal operating temp. Having clean oil will lower HC emissions a little. Make sure the engine is warm when tested.
I thought there were autoshops that could test your emissions before the official test.
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