Okay, I've dug around through my micrifiche and have the following answer - maybe.
One of Toyota's great strength is that it can offer heaps of options to make your particular vehicle suit you.
But this makes it real hard to pin down exactly what is in each model because parts change so much between each variation.
The '83 Celica might have a T of F series diff according to the whether it was a manual or automatic, liftback or coupe, Canada or US.
Since you said you're looking at an '83 GTS, that means it is the RA65 (the one with Independent Rear Suspension).
Most of them had a F series diff, which was also common on the '84-'89 pickup.
But the auto coupe and auto convertible had T series diffs, which is not common on the pickup.
I looked up the microfiche for the pickup and it had 24 variations on the diff.
Some of them i recognised as F series diffs and some as G series diffs and many I didn't check into.
No real answer so far but there is still hope.
Take the pickup diff and measure the crown wheel (the biggest gear wheel).
The outside edge is at an angle, so make sure you take the WIDEST measurement.
7.5" means F series.
8.0" means G series.
While you're there, count the teeth for the crown wheel and also the pinion gear which meshes with it.
Then contact you're friend and ask him to tell you the contents of the build plate in the engine bay.
The 2 items I need are the model number (something like RA65L-BCMQEA and not JT2RA65...) and the transmission code (something like F293 or T302).
From these I can decode the diff type.
Or you can look it up yourself on my web page.
http://members.iinet.net.au/~stepho/celprod.htm#cel64pr
http://members.iinet.net.au/~stepho/celprod.htm#cel65pr
There is a good chance that they are both F series diffs.
If all else fails, then Toyota diffs are easy to find in wrecking yards.
Also be aware that if you change the diff ratio then your performance will change (better acceleration, less top speed or vice versa) and your speedo will be slightly wrong (causing speeding tickets).
Lastly, if the Celica has IRS and the pickup had a solid axle then you will have to pay a mechanic to disassemble them and reassemble the pickup gears in the Celica carrier.
The gears are compatible but the carriers are not.
Probably cheaper and easier to get another diff from a wrecking yard.
- Stepho