1.
"One is a loud rattling noise that comes from the front of the engine at about 2250 RPMS."
I know this is maybe kind of dumb, but have you checked the heat shields? The exhaust manifold heat shield is infamous for rattles. Make sure that you check that the bolts are tightened down and that it's intact.
Have you inspected the idler pulley? If it's far enough out balance enough to create rattles it should be visibly damaged.
2.
"Other things worth mentioning are a loud whining noise also from the front of the engine. Some have said it makes the car sound electric, more like a toy than a Toyota. Power steering pump is my best guess. Anyone have any input?"
As has been stated, it can't be your PS pump because that's in the frunk. Another possiblity is gearbox whine. My POS soon to be replaced tranny makes my car sound like it's an electric.
3.
"Last thing ATM is the broken speedometer. I know this is a well covered topic, but it's basically a sending unit in the transaxle, two cables, then the guage cluster that could all be causing the problem, correct?"
The cable needs to be turned in a specific direction. Anyone remember which way is the right way? Since the gauge cluster has been replaced that's where I'm placing my money