The temp gauge is controlled by resistance: More resistance = high temp reading. You have a 100% direct short somewhere where the gauge signal wire has come in direct contact with a ground source.
It is very common for the wire at the temp sender that mounts atop the thermometer housing to fray. Once frayed, any exposed wire contact with the housing will send a lot of resistance to the gauge causing it to read extraordinarily high. Hopefully this is the case because the sensor is right out in the open and this could be a very simple fix.
Here are some images I found on Google that should help:
This is a very common problem. The wire is a small gauge that is just dangling around and constant vibrations cause it to sever itself. So *hopefully* this is where your issue is. Otherwise you'll gonna have to play a cat and mouse game with a multimeter to narrow down and trace out where the short is at.
Good luck!
BigMike