When I lived in the rust belt/snow belt, I also used to flush out susceptible areas with water, or try to get to a car wash, especially those automated car washes with an underbody spray. But some areas just can't be flushed out with water. On various makes and models of cars, I've seen edges of trunk lids, front edges of hoods (with holes, likely rusted through from the inside out, not from stone chips), windshield pillars, rocker panels, bottoms of doors by the seams, etc. These just don't seem like areas you could easily flush out with water.
So, I think doing both, rust proofing AND washing helps. But first and foremost, I would get the rustproofing done. A lot of formulas tend to "creep" to get to all of those hard to reach places, but salt water from driving tends to get sprayed into. I would even go so far as to say that regular washing isn't as important if you have a car rustproofed. Regular rustproofing is probably a good idea too, as areas that are exposed to the open can have rustproofing washed off while driving in heavy rain, slush, etc. At a certain point, there should be a good build up of rust proofing so you don't have to do it as often, or just stop doing it all together. Some people rust proof when new and never again, or every few years. Better than no rustproofing.
Not sure if there's any truth to this, but my father thinks that parking in heated parking garages speeds up the rusting process. This goes back to the 1960s when he was living in an apartment in Toronto with a heated underground parking garage. He's convinced that everyone's cars there had worse rust because the salty slush got a chance to melt each day only to get a new fresh dosage next time it snowed. My father thought cars that were parked outside in the cold, which would stay "frozen" most of the winter, did not have as much rust.
But, cars back then did not have much in the way of factory rustproofing and I don't think there was much, if anything in the way of aftermarket rustproofing back then. People just accepted the fact that after a few years (or even one year!), their cars would show rust, and more rust every year. Between rust and mechanical reliability of the day, some people traded in every two years. Most cars had serious rust-through after 10 years, so you rarely saw cars older than that on the road in snowy areas. Today we regularly see cars on the road that are 10 to 15 years old in snow belt and rust belt areas. Sure, they have rust, but not like 1960s, 70s and 80s cars. I remember buying a 1986 Camry in 1995, nine years old and front fenders had serious rusted out holes. If you're in a snow/rust belt area, think of buying a 9 year old car now (a 2004 or 2005) - it may have some rust showing, but not that bad.